Résumé
Gallstone disease with advanced symptoms is one of the common abdominal emergencies during pregnancy and it is considered to be one of the most frequently reported non-obstetric surgical conditions in pregnant women. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of surgical cholecystectomy in pregnant women with symptoms of advanced gallstones. This is a retrospective analysis of 2814 pregnant women who attended various wards in government and private hospitals in the governorates of Diyala and Kirkuk in Iraq for more than 2 years, between February 2020 and June 2022. The hospital database was used to confirm the diagnosis of advanced gallstone symptoms in these pregnant women. The incidence of symptomatic gallstones in pregnant women, diagnosis and method of therapeutic management, cholecystectomy according to the pregnancy periods, and perinatal complications of patients according to therapeutic methods were determined. The results confirmed that out of 2814 pregnancies, only 126 (4%) had symptoms of gallstones. It was found that the majority of cases 67 (53%) were within the first trimester of pregnancy and the least 29 (23%) was observed in the second trimester. Acute cholecystitis was the generality 84 (67%) diagnosed in pregnant women with symptomatic gallbladder disease and only 9 (7%) of the patients had undergone prenatal cholecystectomy versus 117 (93%) who were managed conservatively. A total of 20 (16%) cases with undesirable complications were recorded, where 12 cases with low birth weight were noted, where 4 of them underwent surgery and 8 were treated conservatively. It was concluded that a large proportion of women suffer from symptoms of gallstones during pregnancy. Most cases can be managed conservatively, and intervention should be performed as often as needed.Copyright © 2023, Codon Publications. All rights reserved.
Résumé
Healthcare professionals routinely use audio signals, generated by the human body, to help diagnose disease or assess its progression. With new technologies, it is now possible to collect human-generated sounds, such as coughing. Audio-based machine learning technologies can be adopted for automatic analysis of collected data. Valuable and rich information can be obtained from the cough signal and extracting effective characteristics from a finite duration time interval that changes as a function of time. This article presents a proposed approach to the detection and diagnosis of COVID-19 through the processing of cough collected from patients suffering from the most common symptoms of this pandemic. The proposed method is based on adopting a combination of Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The combination of these two signal processing techniques is gaining lots of interest in the field of speaker and speech recognition. As a cough recognition approach, we found it well-performing, as it generates and utilizes an efficient minimum number of features. Mean and median frequencies, which are known to be the most useful features in the frequency domain, are applied to generate an effective statistical measure to compare the results. The hybrid structure of DWT and SVD, adopted in this approach adds to its efficiency, where a 200 times reduction, in terms of the number of operations, is achieved. Despite the fact that symptoms of the infected and non-infected people used in the study are having lots of similarities, diagnosis results obtained from the application of the proposed approach show high diagnosis rate, which is proved through the matching with relevant PCR tests. The proposed approach is open for more improvements with its performance further assured by enlarging the dataset, while including healthy people.
Résumé
Surgeries have suffered a worldwide threat due to theCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The same as the rest of the health care systems in the world. Especially in hospitals that have been designated for patients with this pandemic.The aim of the study is to evaluate patients who are undergoing emergency surgery in the hospital through the pandemic COVID-19. A cross-sectional study of emergency surgeries (retrospective) that was performed between June 1 and December 31, 2020, was conducted in the General Surgery Words of Kirkuk General Hospital in the State of Iraq, which was designated for the admission of pandemic patients.76 patients were listed as a total, 69 among them left the hospital without any event, while 7 of them died during the postoperative period.The patients discharged from the hospital did not have any positive for COVID-19 at follow-up.As for the general surgery cases, there were 36 cases, 29 of them males and 7 females.As well as there were 7 cases that underwent exploratory abdominal surgeries.As for the outcome of 30 patients with Covid-19 who required major surgery, it was as follows: 25 cases recovered, 5 patients died during the postoperative period, and some of them had complications as follows: 10 wound infection, 4 incisional hernia, and 3 septicemia.We concluded that emergency surgeries for the infected patients with the COVID-19 virus and who were present in the hospital were performed with high success rates, due to the full commitment to isolation and prevention measures.